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Hexagon Head Partial Thread Bolts: A Versatile Player in Mechanical Fastening

Hexagon Head Partial Thread Bolts: A Versatile Player in Mechanical Fastening

From the perspective of appearance and structure, the most prominent feature of hexagon head partial thread bolts is their regular hexagonal head, which facilitates tightening and disassembly using tools such as wrenches. This hexagonal design provides a large stress-bearing surface, preventing slippage during fastening, enabling effective torque transmission, and ensuring the bolt is tightened in place.
The "partial thread" design—where the bolt shank is divided into a threaded section and an unthreaded smooth section—is the key feature that distinguishes hexagon head partial thread bolts from other bolts. The threaded section mates with a nut to achieve the fastening function; the unthreaded smooth section ensures tight fit and accurate positioning between connected parts, while also withstanding a certain amount of shear force.
The working principle of hexagon head partial thread bolts is based on the fastening characteristics of threads and the auxiliary role of the smooth section. When a tool is used to rotate the hexagon head, the threaded section rotates and advances inside the nut. Through friction between threads and mechanical engagement, the connected parts are gradually pulled tight to achieve fastening. The unthreaded smooth section is inserted into the hole of the connected part, playing a guiding and positioning role—it prevents the connected parts from shifting during fastening and enhances the stability and reliability of the connection. This design is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring resistance to transverse loads.
In terms of manufacturing processes, the production of hexagon head partial thread bolts involves multiple steps.
  1. Raw material selection: Common materials include carbon steel and stainless steel, with different materials suitable for different working environments and performance requirements. For example, carbon steel has low cost and high strength, making it suitable for general mechanical assembly; stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance, and is often used in humid environments or environments with chemical corrosion risks.
  2. Forming process: Steel is processed into the basic shape of the bolt through cold heading or hot heading.
  3. Subsequent processing: This includes thread processing and surface treatment, ultimately producing hexagon head partial thread bolts that meet standards. Surface treatment not only improves the appearance of the bolts but also enhances their rust resistance and wear resistance—common treatments include zinc plating and nickel plating.
Hexagon head partial thread bolts have an extremely wide range of application scenarios.
  • Mechanical equipment manufacturing: They are often used for connecting various components, such as the bed and base of machine tools, and the transmission components of mechanical equipment.
  • Automotive manufacturing: Many key parts of engines and chassis use hexagon head partial thread bolts to ensure firm and reliable connections.
  • Construction field: They are frequently used for connecting steel structures, especially in parts that need to bear large loads and vibrations— the partial thread design better meets the connection requirements.
  • Daily life scenarios: They also play an important role in furniture assembly and electronic equipment installation.
When using hexagon head partial thread bolts for fastening, several key points must be noted.
  • Specification selection: Choose the appropriate bolt diameter, length, and strength grade based on factors such as the thickness of the connected parts, the required fastening force, and the working environment.
  • Installation alignment: Ensure the bolt is aligned with the hole of the connected part; avoid forced screwing, which may damage the threads.
  • Torque control: Tighten according to the specified torque—insufficient torque leads to loose connections, while excessive torque may cause the bolt to break due to overload.
  • Anti-loosening measures: Use anti-loosening devices (such as spring washers and lock nuts) as needed to prevent the bolt from loosening during use.
With its unique structural design, reliable working performance, and wide application range, the hexagon head partial thread bolt occupies an important position in the field of mechanical fastening. As industrial technology continues to develop, it will play an even greater role in more fields, providing solid support for the stable operation of various projects and equipment.

Supplementary Notes on Key Terms

  1. Cold heading / Hot heading: Core bolt forming processes. Cold heading shapes metal at room temperature, preserving material strength and suitable for high-precision bolts; Hot heading heats metal to high temperatures (above recrystallization temperature) for easier forming, used for larger-diameter bolts. Both methods ensure the structural integrity of the bolt shank.
  2. Transverse loads: Forces acting perpendicular to the bolt’s axis (e.g., vibration or lateral pressure on connected parts). The unthreaded smooth section of partial thread bolts fits tightly with the installation hole, effectively dispersing transverse loads—this is a key advantage over full-thread bolts (which rely solely on thread friction to resist transverse forces).
  3. Surface treatment (zinc plating / nickel plating): Zinc plating forms a protective zinc layer to prevent rust, suitable for general corrosive environments; Nickel plating offers better wear resistance and aesthetics, used in scenarios with higher surface quality requirements (e.g., electronic equipment or furniture).
  4. Strength grade: A standard indicating bolt load-bearing capacity (e.g., 4.8-grade carbon steel bolts or A2-70 stainless steel bolts). Selecting the correct strength grade ensures the bolt can withstand the required fastening force without failure.

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